Effects of biochar on the transformation and utilization of nitrogen fertilizer in the black soil region of Northeast China

被引:1
作者
Shi, Guoxin [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ]
Hou, Renjie [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Li, Tianxiao [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Fu, Qiang [1 ,2 ]
Chen, Qingshan [4 ]
Xue, Ping [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Yang, Xuechen [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Northeast Agr Univ, Sch Water Conservancy & Civil Engn, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China
[2] Northeast Agr Univ, Key Lab Effect Utilizat Agr Water Resources, Minist Agr, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China
[3] Northeast Agr Univ, Heilongjiang Prov Key Lab Water Resources & Water, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China
[4] Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China
基金
中国博士后科学基金; 中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
Biochar; Nitrogen use efficiency; Nitrogen transformation; Functional gene; N-15 isotope tracer technology; STRAW; RETENTION; MAIZE; FIELD; FATE;
D O I
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176218
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is often used in production practice to effectively maintain crop productivity; however, low nitrogen use efficiency (Nue) has always been a problem. Specifically, the transformation and utilization of nitrogen fertilizer by biochar and the driving mechanisms remain unclear. We used four biochar application rates (0, 3750, 7500, and 11,250 kg<middle dot>ha(-1)) and analyzed the effects of biochar on nitrogen fertilizer utilization, residue, and loss over three years using N-15 isotope tracer technology. The results showed that (1) biochar improved the nitrogen use efficiency of maize plants, reduced total nitrogen loss, and increased the maize yield. Compared to the control treatment in the same year, the application of 7500 kg<middle dot>ha(-1) biochar increased the nitrogen use efficiency by 24.27 %, 27.77 %, and 35.82 %, and the yield increased by 21.1 %, 26.7 %, and 24.5 %, respectively. (2) Biochar increased the proportion of mineral nitrogen supplied by fertilizer in the mineral nitrogen pool. The application of 7500 kg<middle dot>ha(-1) biochar increased mineral nitrogen by 3.05 %, 3.22 %, and 3.8 %, respectively, compared to the control treatments in the same year. Biochar promoted the transformation of nitrogen in the 0-40 cm soil layer to three different soil nitrogen pools, especially the organic nitrogen pool. (3) Biochar significantly improved the soil bacterial community and increased the abundances of N transformation functional genes. The redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the gdhA mineralization gene was the driving factor of nitrogen fertilizer transformation, contributing 43.6 % of the variance. In summary, the application of 7500 kg<middle dot>ha(-1) of biochar for two consecutive years was conducive to maintaining farmland soil fertility, while its use would not be recommended for more than three consecutive years.
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页数:10
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