Mechanism, modification and stability of tungsten oxide-based electrocatalysts for water splitting: A review

Electrocatalysis plays a crucial role in the field of clean energy conversion and provides essential support for the development of eco-friendly technology. There is a pressing need for electrocatalysts in renewable energy systems that exhibit exceptional activity, selectivity, stability, and economic viability. The utilization of metal oxides as electrocatalysts for the process of water splitting has made substantial progress in both theoretical and practical aspects and has emerged as a widely explored field of research. Tungsten oxides (WOx) x ) have attracted much attention and are regarded as a highly promising electrocatalytic material due to their exceptional electrocatalytic activity, cost-effectiveness, and ability to withstand extreme conditions. This review introduces the fundamental mechanism of WOx-based x-based electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction and the oxygen evolution reaction, providing a comprehensive overview of recent research advancements in their modification. Factors contributing to the catalytic activity and stability of WOx x are explored, highlighting their potential for industrial applications. The aim herein is to provide guidelines for the design and fabrication of WOx-based x-based electrocatalysts, thereby facilitating further research on their mechanistic properties and stability improvements in water splitting. (c) 2024 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. and Science Press. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.