Workarounds as enabling factor in the use of assistive technology amongst white-collar workers with visual impairment

PurposeThis study aims to provide an explorative perspective on how workarounds - defined as practices that deviate from an official pathway to a target - delineate a decisive element for users with visual impairment to enable assistive technologies in the context of office work.Design/methodology/approachAn ethnographic study with in situ observation at participants' work locations together with interviews was conducted to cater for the explorative nature of this study.FindingsThe study outlines three types of workarounds that can be distinguished into: (1) own investment into invisible work, (2) engaging support from colleagues and (3) the complete circumvention of technology use. It is furthermore discussed that workarounds remain largely unnoticed but yield the potential as an enabling factor for insights into the use of assistive technology (AT).Practical implicationsThe layered model of workarounds that locates them at the individual, social and organisational level can guide the design and analysis of enabling technologies in complex office work contexts. Technology designers can incorporate enquiries on workarounds into participatory or co-creative design processes. Information technology (IT) professionals and leaders of IT support teams can use this model to gain insights from workarounds into improvement opportunities for the effective integration of assistive technologies.Originality/valueThis study connects the concept of workarounds, which is deeply rooted in the tradition of workplace studies and computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW), with the practices of handling technology employed by knowledge workers with visual impairments to retain workability. This approach offers a novel perspective on the embeddedness of enabling technologies in the context of knowledge work. It highlights the intricate ways in which technology is integrated into daily work practices, thereby providing valuable insights into the intersection of AT and knowledge work.