Manipulating anion intercalation into layered double hydroxide for alkaline seawater oxidation at high current density

In this work, we propose a convenient strategy to manipulate anion intercalation into layered double hydroxide. The obtained NiFe LDH-Cl- electrode shows outstanding OER performance with both low overpotentials and high stability in alkaline seawater at high current density. Ultra-low overpotentials of 255 mV and 350 mV are required in 1 M KOH and alkaline seawater at a current density of 200 mA cm-2. In addition, NiFe LDH-Cl- can stably operate at 200 mA cm-2 for 100 h. In situ Raman studies reveal that the active gamma-NiOOH is generated on NiFe LDH-Cl- at a low potential by surface reconstruction, and Cl- intercalation helps optimize the peak area ratio of Eg and A1g, which can be favorable for the alkaline seawater OER. A convenient strategy to manipulate anion intercalation into layered double hydroxide is proposed for efficient alkaline seawater oxidation.