Fabrication, physicochemical properties, and cytocompatibility of 3D-printed Sr2MgSi2O7 bioceramic scaffolds calcined at different temperature for bone repair

3D-printed bioactive ceramic scaffolds hold significant promise for addressing critical-size bone defects, owing to their biodegradable and osteogenic properties. Numerous 3D-printed silicate-based (e.g., Sr2MgSi2O7) ceramic scaffolds have been developed, but the rapid degradation and insufficient mechanical properties of which impede their application efficacy. Despite recognizing the pivotal role of calcination temperature in shaping the physicochemical and biological attributes of 3D-printed scaffolds, its specific influence on Sr2MgSi2O7 bioceramics remains ambiguous. This study elucidated the fabrication, physicochemical properties, and cytocompatibility of 3D-printed Sr2MgSi2O7 ceramic scaffolds calcined at different temperatures. The findings revealed a significant enhancement in compressive strength (up to 19.9 MPa) and a decrease in degradation rate with increasing calcination temperature. Compared to conventional tricalcium phosphate scaffolds, Sr2MgSi2O7 scaffold demonstrated superior osteogenic potential, particularly when calcined at 1250 degrees C. With commendable mechanical strength and remarkable osteogenic capabilities, the Sr2MgSi2O7 scaffold emerges a promising avenue for repairing critical-size bone defects.