Multi-interface engineering design of nitrogen-doped bamboo-based carbon/Fe/Fe3C composite electromagnetic wave absorber based on honeycomb-ant nest-like structure

The integration and development of artificial intelligence (AI) and 5G communication technology have brought tremendous changes to human society. How to create a green electromagnetic environment has attracted people's attention. Rich heterostructure design based on interface engineering is considered an effective means of obtaining efficient electromagnetic wave absorbers. In this work, we have achieved innovative design of nitrogen doped carbon/Fe/Fe3C multi-interface heterostructures. The delignification modification of bamboo enriches the cellular pore channels, effectively regulates the loading of Fe(3+)and the diffusion binding of pyrrole molecules and promotes the deep construction of multi-layer heterogeneous interfaces. Further in-situ pyrolysis resulted in the formation of abundant honeycomb ant nest like structural pores and nitrogen doped multiphase heterostructure interfaces. Provided the best multi-component loss mechanism and impedance matching for the material, improving the overall dielectric and interface polarization effects of the material. Therefore, the obtained absorbent exhibits satisfactory electromagnetic wave absorption performance at a low load of 20 %, with an effective absorption bandwidth of 6.5 GHz (1.85 mm). This work provides new ideas for the high-value utilization of biomass in nature, optimization and innovative design of multi-level pore structures for microwave absorbers.