Record High Thermoelectric Figure of Merit of a III-V Semiconductor InGaSb by Defects Engineering via the Addition of Excess Constituent Elements

Materials with enhanced electron and reduced phonon transport properties are preferred for thermoelectric applications. The defect engineering process can optimize the interrelated electron and phonon transport properties to enhance thermoelectric performance. As the influence of various crystalline defects on the functional properties of materials is diverse, it is crucial to scale, optimize, and understand them experimentally. With this perspective, crystalline defects in InGaSb ternary alloys were engineered and their influence on the thermoelectric properties was studied experimentally. Crystalline defects such as point defects, dislocations, and compositional segregations were induced in In0.95Ga0.05Sb crystals by the addition of excess constituent elements, In, Ga, or Sb. The addition of excess Ga increased point defects, whereas excess Sb reduced dislocation densities. The thermoelectric figure of merit value (ZT) of In0.95Ga0.05Sb+Ga-0.02 was recorded to be 0.87 at 573 K, which is the highest among other reported values of III-V semiconductors. The collective interactions of compositional segregations, point defects, and dislocations with electrons and phonons enhanced the ZT in this study.