Potential of Microwave Heating and Plasma for Biosecurity Applications

This review explores the use of microwave heating and microwave-generated plasma for biosecurity applications. Microwave heating has been shown to rapidly heat and kill a wide range of pests and pathogens. Examples of microwave thermal disinfestation of soils, grains, hay, and timber are presented and discussed. Microwave energy can also ionize various gasses, including air, to create plasma. Plasmas are described by many characteristics, such as temperature, degree of ionization, and density. In the "after glow" (cold plasma) of a plasma discharge, there are sufficient charged particles and excited atoms to generate elevated UV levels and ionize the surfaces of objects. Examples of cold plasma and plasma-activated water disinfestation of grains and other commodities are also presented and discussed. Brief comments on the scale-up of this technology have also been presented.