Recent developments in omics techniques for improving plant abiotic stress using microbes

Farmers could not obtain substantial crop yields due to varying biotic and abiotic stress factors. Microorganisms can effectively cope with abiotic stressors, such as heavy metals, heat, and cold, and biotic stressors, such as pests and diseases. However, before utilizing microbes to alleviate these stresses, conducting a comprehensive investigation of indigenous microbial communities' ecology, evolution, and operation through omics methodologies is crucial. Powerful tools for understanding the complex interactions between microbes and plants are provided by omics approaches, opening the door to creative ways to increase plant resistance to abiotic stress. This review is to investigate how omics technologies are revolutionizing knowledge of plant-microbe interactions, which are essential advancing sustainable agriculture, and to collectively provide information on different microbial omic approaches such as genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, genome editing, and bioinformatic information about microbes to manage biotic and abiotic stress in plants. Additionally, the review will explore integrating multiple forms of omics techniques within a unified framework. The goals of the current review of omics techniques to enhance plant resilience to abiotic stress through the use of microbes are to further knowledge of the interactions between plants and microbes, make it easier to create successful microbial-based interventions, and eventually help to improve global food security in the face of environmental challenges and climate change. Through the application of various omics techniques, researchers can improve plant resilience to abiotic stress in agricultural systems, identify potential microbial candidates for enhancing stress tolerance, and obtain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying plant-microbe interactions.