Eco-friendly preparation of V2O5/g-C3N4 nanosheets as efficient high-performance supercapacitor electrode material

V2O5/g-C3N4 composites including g-C3N4 nanosheet carbon have been widely studied to solve challenges such as poor intrinsic electrical conductivity, substantial irreversibility, and exceptional stability. A time-saving hydrothermal autoclave synthesis method was used to fuse V2O5/g-C3N4 composite strands. V2O5/g-C3N4 composite is a hybrid nanoparticle with important properties for the electrode of a supercapacitor that has been studied and published. The phase structure, space group, and crystallite size of nanoparticles were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak examination. The resulting materials are analyzed using the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The average crystalline diameters of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), and V2O5/g-C3N4 composites are 28 nm, 16 nm, and 12 nm, respectively. FESEM determines the distribution of V2O5 throughout the g-C3N4 nanosheets. XPS detects the elements present in the composite, confirming the presence of V, O, C, and N. The V2O5/g-C3N4 composite provides insights into the surface chemistry and probable interactions between V2O5 and g-C3N4. V2O5/g-C3N4 nanoparticles have a specific capacitance of 286.54 F/g and are estimated at 2 A/g using the galvanostatic charge-discharge technique, which provides superior stability even after 3000 charge/discharge cycles. Their remarkable performance is due to the synergistic impact of g-C3N4 and V2O5/g-C3N4. Such outstanding results may open up new possibilities for these electrode materials in high-energy-density storage devices. The composites also showed high cycle stability due to the peculiar structure of the V2O5 and synergy with g-C3N4.