An Eco-Friendly Approach for the Synthesis of Ni/NiO/g-C3N4 Nanocomposite Using Cleome Gynandra Leaf Extract for Biomedical and Photocatalytic Applications

The (Ni/NiO)CG/g-C3N4 nanocomposite was green synthesized using Cleome gynandra via sol-gel method. The photocatalytic dye decomposition, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of the nanocomposite were studied and compared with those of (Ni/NiO)CG and g-C3N4. The nanocomposite exhibited enhanced photocatalytic efficiency of 97% compared to (Ni/NiO)CG (63%) and g-C3N4 (80%) due to the synergistic effect between both the composite partners. The nanocomposite, (Ni/NiO)CG/g-C3N4 showed notable antioxidant activity in DPPH (IC5050 of 41.76 +/- 0.8841.76 +/- 0.88 mu mu g/mL with 87.06% of inhibition at 500 mu mu g/mL) and ABTS (IC5050 of 47.60 +/- 0.8147.60 +/- 0.81 mu mu g/mL with 88.40 % of inhibition at 500 mu mu g/mL) radical scavenging assays. The green synthesized nanocomposite also exhibited significant antidiabetic activity in alpha alpha-amylase and alpha alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition assays with the IC5050 of 33.83 +/- 0.5333.83 +/- 0.53 mu mu g/mL and 49.94 +/- 0.6449.94 +/- 0.64 mu mu g/mL, respectively. The XRD and SEM analyses confirmed the nanocomposite formation of (Ni/NiO)CG/g-C3N4. The results showed that the green synthesized (Ni/NiO)CG/g-C3N4 has desirable dye degradation, antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. This paper presents the results of the remarkable photocatalytic dye decomposition, antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of the nanocomposite (Ni/NiO)CG/g-C3N4 synthesized via an eco-friendly greeny way using Cleome gynandra leaf extract which may be the first report of this kind utilizing this plant.