Actinomyces neuii Causing Right-Sided Infective Endocarditis: A Case-Based Literature Review

Actinomyces neuii (also known as Winkia neuii nowadays), quite different from its genus, is a facultatively anaerobic organism that rarely causes human infections. Like the rest of its genus, it usually has a good prognosis. In this case report, we present an interesting case of a middle-aged female who presented to the emergency department (ED) with fever and dyspnea, eventually diagnosed with infective endocarditis (IE) caused by A. neuii. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first reported case of A. neuii causing right-sided infective endocarditis in a middle-aged female with no residual or prosthetic valvular disease.