Optimization of performance and emission parameters of hydrogen enriched dual fuel diesel engine using response surface methodology

The global need for petroleum and its dwindling availability throughout the world demand an alternative fuel. Hydrogen-enriched algal biodiesel (ABD) is a potential option against conventional fuels due to its availability and positive effects on performance and emissions. Azolla pinnata algae is a high-yield fuel with reduced adverse impacts on the environment, requiring 2-5 days to double its biomass. This research work involves postexperimentation modeling to assess the performance and emissions of a CRDI diesel engine using a hydrogenenriched blended fuel of Azolla pinnata ABD. Response surface methodology has been applied to optimize the load, fuel blend, and hydrogen gas substitution for performance and emissions characteristics. The ABD and hydrogen gas are varied between 0 and 40% in the pilot fuel for loads between 0 and 80%. The model indicates that the optimized load, blend, and hydrogen fuel substitution for this research are, respectively, 80%, 40%, and 40%. At the above-mentioned optimized parameters, the optimized values of BTE, CO, CO2, HC, and NOx are found to be 30.90%, 19.99 g/kWh, 288.89 g/kWh, 0.21 g/kWh, and 1.57 g/kWh, respectively. Adequacy precision greater than 4 and a percentage error between predicted and experimental values less than 5% indicate the model's ability to predict performance and emissions characteristics eventually.