A predictive control method for multi-electrolyzer off-grid hybrid hydrogen production systems with photovoltaic power prediction

To accommodate the high-frequency and low-frequency power fluctuations of renewable energy generation with a lower system cost, a multi-electrolyzer hybrid hydrogen production system demonstrated potential for application. This study achieved the integration of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers and alkaline electrolyzers through hybrid control in a photovoltaic (PV)- transformer-electrolyzer coupled system for the first time, enabling the pre-regulation of the electrolyzer power based on the LSTM forecast of the power generation of PV, to avoid the impact of sudden large power fluctuations on the electrolyzers, with a lower system cost and higher production rate. Experiment results indicate that this hybrid hydrogen production system reduces system initial investment cost by 27.2% compared to a pure PEMWE system and increases hydrogen production by 58.7% compared to a pure AWE system.