Unraveling the Landscape of Pediatric Glioblastoma Biomarkers: A Comprehensive Review of Enhancing Diagnostics and Therapeutic Insights

Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive form of primary brain tumor, poses significant challenges topatients, caregivers, and clinicians alike. Pediatric glioblastoma is a rare and aggressive brain tumor thatpresents unique challenges in treatment. It differs from its adult counterpart in terms of genetic andmolecular characteristics. Its incidence is relatively low, but the prognosis remains grim due to its aggressivebehavior. Diagnosis relies on imaging techniques and histopathological analysis. The rarity of the diseaseunderscores the need for effective treatment strategies. In recent years, the quest to understand and managepediatric glioblastoma has seen a significant shift towards unraveling the intricate landscape of biomarkers.Surgery remains a cornerstone of glioblastoma management, aiming to resect as much of the tumor aspossible. Glioblastoma's infiltrative nature presents challenges in achieving a complete surgical resection.This comprehensive review delves into the realm of pediatric glioblastoma biomarkers, shedding light ontheir potential to not only revolutionize diagnostics but also shape therapeutic strategies. Frompersonalized treatment selection to the development of targeted therapies, the potential impact of thesebiomarkers on clinical outcomes is undeniable. Moreover, this review underscores the substantialimplications of biomarker-driven approaches for therapeutic interventions. All advancements in targetedtherapies and immunotherapy hold promise for the treatment of pediatric glioblastoma. The geneticprofiling of tumors allows for personalized approaches, potentially improving treatment efficacy. The ethicaldilemmas surrounding pediatric cancer treatment, particularly balancing potential benefits with risks, arecomplex. Ongoing clinical trials and preclinical research suggest exciting avenues for future interventions.