Comparison of 4G LTE and 5G NR in UAV Networks: A Simu5G-Based Performance Evaluation

In this in-depth study, we investigate the comparative performance of 4G LTE (Long Term Evolution) and 5G NR (New Radio) in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks using advanced simulation tools such as Simu5G and OMNET++. Our study examines key performance metrics including Channel Quality Index (CQI), Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR), frame delay, and throughput. The results show a clear advantage for NR over LTE as it offers better call quality, lower latency and higher throughput- key attributes that make NR a more efficient technology for applications that require high data rates, minimal latency and optimal reliability, such as drone communications. The research also examines the impact of different network conditions on performance, considering UAV, impact on background traffic (BgTraffic), and multi-UAVs scenarios. Interestingly, NR exhibits excellent scalability and consistency, ensuring high performance across an increasing number of network devices, a key feature for large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) implementations. The study also offers valuable insights that could shape the development trajectory of 5G networks in complex environments such as military applications. This study underscores the potential of 5G NR to transform the design and operation of next-generation drone networks and their diverse applications.