Insights into the adsorption of CO2, SO2 and NOx in flue gas by carbon materials: A critical review

The acceleration of industrialization has led to extensive emissions of air pollutants, resulting in a series of environmental pollution and climate warming issues. Carbon materials, known for their low manufacturing cost, good plasticity, stable chemical properties, and strong adsorption capacity, are considered one of the most promising materials for adsorbing pollutants in flue gases. Research on carbon material adsorbents has been extensively conducted thus far. This review systematically summarizes the simultaneous adsorption and removal of CO2, SO2, and NOX by carbon materials in flue gas systems, with elaborate discussions on their adsorption capacity, adsorption mechanisms, critical factors affecting adsorption capture, and recent innovative advancements. Additionally, relevant information including carbon material classification, physical-chemical properties, and their modification methods is also briefly covered. Finally, the challenges and future research inspirations for carbon material sorbents in flue gas systems are outlined. The aim of this review is to highlight the development of carbon material solid sorbents for the simultaneous adsorption of air pollutants in flue gases.