A Cool Look at Positive-Strand RNA Virus Replication Organelles: New Insights from Cryo-Electron Microscopy

被引:1
|
作者
de Beijer, Nina L. [1 ]
Snijder, Eric J. [1 ]
Barcena, Montserrat [2 ]
机构
[1] Leiden Univ, Ctr Infect Dis, Mol Virol Lab, Med Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands
[2] Leiden Univ, Electron Microscopy Sect, Dept Cell & Chem Biol, Med Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands
关键词
positive-strand RNA viruses; RNA replication; viral replication compartments; cryo-electron microscopy; crown pore complex; viral RNA encapsidation; MOUSE HEPATITIS-VIRUS; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; 3-DIMENSIONAL ARCHITECTURE; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN-3; TRANSCRIPTION-COMPLEX; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; VIRAL REPLICATION; INFECTION; BIOGENESIS;
D O I
10.1146/annurev-biochem-052521-115736
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Positive-strand RNA viruses encompass a variety of established and emerging eukaryotic pathogens. Their genome replication is confined to specialized cytoplasmic membrane compartments known as replication organelles (ROs). These ROs derive from host membranes, transformed into distinct structures such as invaginated spherules or intricate membrane networks including single- and/or double-membrane vesicles. ROs play a vital role in orchestrating viral RNA synthesis and evading detection by innate immune sensors of the host. In recent years, groundbreaking cryo-electron microscopy studies conducted with several prototypic viruses have significantly advanced our understanding of RO structure and function. Notably, these studies unveiled the presence of crown-shaped multimeric viral protein complexes that seem to actively participate in viral RNA synthesis and regulate the release of newly synthesized RNA into the cytosol for translation and packaging. These findings have shed light on novel viral functions and fascinating macromolecular complexes that delineate promising new avenues for future research.
引用
收藏
页码:163 / 187
页数:25
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