Soil Contamination by Heavy Metals and Radionuclides and Related Bioremediation Techniques: A Review

被引:12
作者
Chernysh, Yelizaveta [1 ,2 ]
Chubur, Viktoriia [1 ,2 ]
Ablieieva, Iryna [1 ,3 ]
Skvortsova, Polina [1 ]
Yakhnenko, Olena [1 ]
Skydanenko, Maksym [1 ]
Plyatsuk, Leonid [1 ]
Roubik, Hynek [2 ]
机构
[1] Sumy State Univ, Dept Ecol & Environm Protect Technol, Kharkivska st 116, UA-40007 Sumy, Ukraine
[2] Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Trop AgriSci, Dept Sustainable Technol, Kamycka 129, Prague 16500, Czech Republic
[3] Linkoping Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Themat Studies, Linkoping, Sweden
基金
欧盟地平线“2020”;
关键词
toxicants; remediation; biosorption technologies; phosphogypsum; LEACHING BEHAVIOR; BIOACCUMULATION; PHOSPHOGYPSUM; BIOSORPTION; BIOMINERALIZATION; BIOTRANSFORMATION; REMEDIATION; POLLUTANTS; LANDFILL; BACTERIA;
D O I
10.3390/soilsystems8020036
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
The migration of heavy metals and radionuclides is interrelated, and this study focusses on the interaction and complex influence of various toxicants. The rehabilitation of radioactively contaminated territories has a complex character and is based on scientifically supported measures to restore industrial, economic, and sociopsychological relations. We aim for the achievement of pre-emergency levels of hygienic norms of radioactive contamination of output products. This, in its sum, allows for further economic activity in these territories without restrictions on the basis of natural actions of autoremediation. Biosorption technologies based on bacterial biomass remain a promising direction for the remediation of soils contaminated with radionuclides and heavy metals that help immobilise and consolidate contaminants. A comprehensive understanding of the biosorption capacity of various preparations allows for the selection of more effective techniques for the elimination of contaminants, as well as the overcoming of differences between laboratory results and industrial use. Observation and monitoring make it possible to evaluate the migration process of heavy metals and radionuclides and identify regions with a disturbed balance of harmful substances. The promising direction of the soil application of phosphogypsum, a by-product of the chemical industry, in bioremediation processes is considered.
引用
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页数:25
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