Clinical significance and immune landscape of a novel immune cell infiltration-based prognostic model in lung adenocarcinoma

Tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) play a central role in the tumor microenvironment, which can reflect the host anti-tumor immune response. However, few studies have explored TICs in predicting the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In our study, we enrolled 2470 LUAD patients from TCGA and GEO databases, and the normalized enrichment scores for 65 immune cell types were quantified for each patient. An immune-related risk score (IRRS) was built on the basis of 17 selected TICs using LASSO regression analysis, and the results showed that high-risk patients were correlated with shorter survival time for the LUAD cohorts. Correlation analyses between IRRS and clinical characteristics were also evaluated to validate the clinical use of IRRS. In addition, we analyzed the differences in the distribution of immune cell infiltration and immunoregulatory gene expression, which may facilitate individual immunotherapy. Based on the above result, we conclude that IRRS can act as a powerful predictor for risk stratification and prognosis prediction, and may facilitate the decision-making process for LUAD patients.