Differential spectral characteristics of the Spanish fricative /s/ in the articulation of individuals with dysarthria and apraxia of speech

Purpose: This study examines whether there are differences in the speech of speakers with dysarthria, speakers with apraxia and healthy speakers in spectral acoustic measures during production of the central -peninsular Spanish alveolar sibilant fricative /s/. Method: To this end, production of the sibilant was analyzed in 20 subjects with dysarthria, 8 with apraxia of speech and 28 healthy speakers. Participants produced 12 sV(C) words. The variables compared across groups were the fricative 's spectral amplitude difference (AmpD) and spectral moments in the temporal midpoint of fricative execution. Results: The results indicate that individuals with dysarthria can be distinguished from healthy speakers in terms of the spectral characteristics AmpD, standard deviation (SD), center of gravity (CoG) and skewness, the last two in context with unrounded vowel, while no differences in kurtosis were detected. Participants with AoS group differ significantly from healthy speaker group in AmpD, SD and CoG and Kurtosis, the first one followed unrounded vowel and the latter two followed by rounded vowels. In addition, speakers with apraxia of speech group returned significant differences with respect to speakers with dysarthria group in AmpD, CoG and skewness. Conclusions: The differences found between the groups in the measures studied as a function of the type of vowel context could provide insights into the distinctive manifestations of motor speech disorders, contributing to the differential diagnosis between apraxia and dysarthria in motor control processes.