Long term follow-up of patients with patent ductus arteriosus after transcatheter closure

BackgroundTo investigate the concurrent, long-term, and future adverse events and assess the trend of adverse events in pediatric patients with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) after transcatheter closure.MethodsA total of 1590 patients underwent transcatheter PDA closure were enrolled, including 465 patients (median age = 22 months) in the training group and 1125 patients in the validation group. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess independent risk factors associated with concurrent adverse events after closure. The chi-square test was used to evaluate the 5-year follow-up trend.ResultsMultivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that low age, female, and high pulmonary end diameter were independent risk factors for concurrent adverse events after closure. For patients without concurrent adverse events and for those who with concurrent adverse events but return to normal, the Chi-square test showed no abnormal results at the 5-year follow-up. Furthermore, the follow-up data of the validation group were not significantly different from those of the training group.ConclusionThe value of long-term follow-up of children may be limited for those who did not have a concurrent adverse event after closure nor for those who had a concurrent adverse event after closure but returned to normal during the 5-year follow-up period.ImpactFollow-up monitoring of adverse events tended to be recommended in pediatric patients with PDA after transcatheter closure. However, follow-up in these pediatric patients is expensive and there is a risk of sedation for echocardiography examination frequently.<middle dot>Patients who had no concurrent adverse events after closure did not show any abnormality at 5-year follow-up.<middle dot>Most of the patients who had concurrent adverse events after closure returned to normal at 5-year follow-up.The value of long-term follow-up may be limited for the above patients after transcatheter PDA closure.