Linear Activity Areas and Basking-Site Fidelity of Two Imperiled River Turtle Species (Graptemys oculifera and Graptemys flavimaculata) of Mississippi

Many freshwater turtles in the United States are considered species of greatest conservation need in the states in which they occur, including turtles in the genus Graptemys (map turtles and sawbacks). However, basic life-history information is still lacking for many Graptemys species, particularly details about their movements, home range, and habitat use. The objective of this study was to describe linear activity area (LAA) and basking-site fidelity for 2 federally threatened Graptemys species in Mississippi (Graptemys flavimaculata, Graptemys oculifera) via capture-mark-recapture events. For G. flavimaculata, 97 individuals (30 female, 67 male) were recaptured during the study at 3 sites. Mean LAA for females (138 +/- 293 m; 0-1489 m) and males (308 +/- 637 m; 0-3773 m) was statistically similar, but turtle LAAs from 2 upstream sites were longer than LAAs from a downstream site. The maximum single movement was 2877 m by a male; alternatively, many males and females were recaptured at the same basking log across multiple years. For G. oculifera, 28 individuals (14 female, 14 male) were recaptured during the study at 1 site and mean LAAs were statistically similar for females (130 +/- 206 m; 4.6-747 m) and males (231 +/- 357 m; 0-1310 m). Differences in LAAs among sites for G. flavimaculata may be associated with habitat differences observed among the sites (i.e., river size, hydrology, position on river continuum) or associated with different turtle densities. Basking-site fidelity appears to be strong in both species and is likely driven by deadwood persistence time and/or sexually divergent preferences in basking sites. Additional movement ecology studies are needed for Graptemys species to determine how differences in habitat, turtle densities, and deadwood interact to influence linear home ranges.