A review of smart contract adoption in agriculture and food industry

Blockchain Technology has been finding industry-wide applications over the decade ranging from supply chain traceability to tamper-proof land registrations; facilitated by smart contracts and non-fungible tokens. The inherent immutability, transparency, and security of blockchain networks can transform the agriculture and food industry. Although several reviews have already been written, a complete in-depth analysis covering the popular smart contract platforms, current research progress concerning the agriculture and food industry, and applications of blockchain technology other than supply chain traceability has not been well documented. This paper discusses smart contracts-the computer programs that run on the blockchain, the smart contract life cycle, some of the most popular smart contract platforms among the developer community, and smart contact applications in the agriculture and food industry which includes a gist of recent developments in the Government and private sector across continents and the challenges and future trends associated with the use of this rapidly evolving technology .