Emerging technologies for rapid non-destructive testing of grape quality: A review

Grapes, as economically significant and nutritionally valuable crops, command a substantial presence in global markets. The quality of grape berries is a critical determinant of the economic value of both the fruit and its derivative products. Efficient monitoring and evaluation of berries during growth phases are essential for ensuring optimal grape quality. Traditional quality assessment methods, often costly and invasive, are increasingly being supplanted by modern non-destructive testing (NDT) technologies. These methods offer rapid, reliable, and objective means to assess grape quality, with the advantages of non-pollution, easy operation and accurate measurement results. This paper reviews the working principles, application domains, and the pros and cons of various NDT technologies, including computer vision systems, infrared spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, and electronic nose technologies, in the rapid non-destructive evaluation of grape berry quality. It delves into the suitability of different NDT methods for various quality predictions, discussing optimal parameter settings and algorithm selections. Finally, the problems and future directions of various NDT technologies in grape quality evaluation were discussed and analyzed. This comprehensive review aims to inform and guide further development and research in grape NDT technology, enhancing both precision and practicality in quality assessment.