Cross-ownership and managerial delegation under vertical product differentiation

We construct a vertical product differentiation duopoly model incorporating managerial delegation and cross-ownership. By exploring the interplay of these factors, we find a U-shaped relationship between endogenous managerial delegation coefficients and cross-ownership. The difference in managerial delegation coefficients between the two firms decreases as the cross-ownership proportion increases. In an ownership structure involving cross-ownership of firms producing different quality products, managerial delegation improves firms' profits while reducing consumer surplus and social welfare in a vertical product differentiation market. Moreover, cross-ownership intensifies the positive impact of managerial delegation on joint profits and the negative effects on consumer surplus and social welfare. Consequently, regulating cross-ownership among firms in vertically differentiated product markets is an important policy issue for competition law.