Research progress of transition metal low-dimensional nanomaterials in field of electrocatalysis

With the increasingly serious environmental problems and the rising energy crisis , it is urgent to use electrocatalysis technology to develop sustainable green new energy. Transition metal low -dimensional nanomaterials have large active surface , high electron transfer rate and abundant surface vacancies , which can effectively improve the efficiency and stability of electrocatalytic reactions. In this paper , the transition metal low -dimensional nanomaterials are classified based on the material dimension , and their advantages are clarified respectively. The research achievements of zero -dimensional , one-dimensional and two dimensional nanomaterials in the field of electrocatalysis are mainly reviewed. The relationship between the structure of low -dimensional nanostructure and the activity , as well as stability of electrocatalysis , is revealed , and it is clear that low -dimensional nanomaterials are an effective method to improve the performance of electrocatalysis. Finally , it is pointed out that the structure of transition metal lowdimensional nanocatalysts should be rationally designed and optimized according to demand. The future development direction of low -dimensional nanocatalysts should be the combination of basic research and computational research , guide the design with theory , combine with machine learning to pre -select the appropriate structural model and further development towards improving existing materials and combining more and more efficient composite materials.