Privacy-Preserving Consensus-Based Distributed Economic Dispatch of Smart Grids via State Decomposition

This paper studies the privacy-preserving distributed economic dispatch (DED) problem of smart grids. An autonomous consensus-based algorithm is developed via local data exchange with neighboring nodes, which covers both the islanded mode and the grid-connected mode of smart grids. To prevent power-sensitive information from being disclosed, a privacy-preserving mechanism is integrated into the proposed DED algorithm by randomly decomposing the state into two parts, where only partial data is transmitted. Our objective is to develop a privacy-preserving DED algorithm to achieve optimal power dispatch with the lowest generation cost under physical constraints while preventing sensitive information from being eavesdropped. To this end, a comprehensive analysis framework is established to ensure that the proposed algorithm can converge to the optimal solution of the concerned optimization problem by means of the consensus theory and the eigenvalue perturbation approach. In particular, the proposed autonomous algorithm can achieve a smooth transition between the islanded mode and the grid-connected mode. Furthermore, rigorous analysis is given to show privacy-preserving performance against internal and external eavesdroppers. Finally, case studies illustrate the feasibility and validity of the developed algorithm.