Mechanism for the synergistic gelation of konjac glucomannan and x-carrageenan

The synergistic interaction gels (SIGs) can be created by blending konjac glucomannan (KGM) and x-carrageenan, and have been applied to modify and improve the rheological and texture properties of food system. However, the assembly behaviors between them are still unclear. This work revealed that the presence of KGM promoted phase transition of nearby x-carrageenan molecules probably by contributing to entropy increment. Subsequently, the rest of x-carrageenan transformed into helical structure, assembled into a series of laterally arranged trigonal units and formed a three-dimensional network. In KGM/x-carrageenan SIGs, the size of high density domains (Xi) in aggregates and the distance of these high density domains (xi) were narrowed firstly and then enlarged as increasing of KGM content. These nano-scale structure features were responsible for the relative higher gel strength for KGM/x-carrageenan SIGs with proportion ratios of 1:9 (K1C9) and 3:7 (K3C7). This study serves to facilitate the design and production of SIGs with the requisite performance characteristics.