Vitamin D in Type 2 Diabetes and Its Correlation With Heat Shock Protein 70, Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma, Advanced Oxidation Protein Products and Advanced Glycation End Products

Aim: To investigate the association between vitamin D3 level and oxidative stress biomarkers such as Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 54 patients including 32 females and 22 males with a mean age of 54.92 +/- 11.37 years with T2D attending the diabetes clinic from 2021 to 2022 were included. According to the average level of vitamin D in this population (14.91), they were divided into two groups with vitamin D <= 15 ng/mL and vitamin D >15 ng/mL. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D and AOPP, HSP and FRAP parameters. The correlation between vitamin D and other variables was evaluated via the Pearson correlation test. Result: Vitamin D level had a positive relation with FRAP (beta = 0.32, p = 0.017) and HSP (beta = 0.39, p = 0.003), but had a negative relation with AOPP (beta = -0.30, p = 0.02). The level of 2hPP also had a negative relation with the level of vitamin D (beta = -0.33, p = 0.03). There was not any relationship between the level of vitamin D and AGEs or other variables. After adjusting for multiple confounders for the multivariate regression model, HSP remained significant. Conclusion: This research indicates the relationship between vitamin D levels and oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with Type 2 diabetes.