Combination of Sheep Manure and Zeolite Increase Tissue Micronutrients and Yield in Red Kidney Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cultivars

Sustainable crop production is a major concern that demanding development of novel management strategies. To this end, response of kidney bean to sheep manure and zeolite combination on micro and macro nutrients and yield is evaluated. A factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications in two consecutive cropping years (2016 and 2017) and three factors including, cultivar (V1: goli and V2: akhtar), nutritional systems (F1: 100% sheep manure, F2: 100% Urea, F3: 75% Urea + 25% sheep manure, F4: 50% Urea + 50% sheep manure, F5: 25% Urea + 75% sheep manure), and zeolite (Z1: 0 tons ha-1, Z2:3 tons ha-1, Z3: 6 tons ha-1, Z4: 9 tons ha-1) was carried out. The results showed that increasing in zeolite application, led to aerial tissues proline content decrease, whereas the grain yield (2199 kg ha(-1)) increased. The highest amount of aerial iron, grain iron and grain yield were obtained from 50% Urea + 50% sheep manure. The 3-way interaction of zeolite * cultivar * sheep manure was significant for amount of Fe for both aerial tissues and grains, whereas it was only significant for the mount of K and Zn for both aerial and grains. The highest amount of Fe in both aerial and grains was obtained using 50% Sheep manure + 50% Urea and 6 tones/ha zeolite. The results demonstrated that a combination of urea and zeolite can be used to improve nutrients in kidney bean, suggesting that natural fertilizers are promising to improve kidney bean yield and quality.