Efficacy, safety, and advantages of magnetic anchor-guided endoscopic submucosal dissection vs conventional endoscopic submucosal dissection: A retrospective paired cohort study

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been recommended as the first -line treatment for early gastric cancer (EGC). However, poor visualization of the operative field increases both the procedure time and the risk of complications, especially for large and difficult lesions. We introduced a novel technique, magnetic anchor-guided ESD (MAG-ESD) and compared it with conventional ESD (C-ESD) for the treatment of large EGCs in terms of efficacy, safety, and advantages. Methods: Patients with large EGCs who underwent MAG-ESD or C-ESD at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from March 2020 to March 2022 were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The patients in the MAG-ESD cohort were matched to those in the C-ESD cohort using propensity score-based matching. The operation time, submucosal dissection time, complete resection status, magnetic anchor, adverse event rate, and tumor recurrence rate were evaluated. Results: Twenty-two patients who underwent MAG-ESD were ultimately matched to those who underwent C-ESD. The median operation time of MAG-ESD and C-ESD was 43 minutes (IQR, 35.2-49.5) and 50.5 minutes (IQR, 42.0-76.0), respectively, among which the submucosal dissection time was 7.6 minutes (IQR, 5.2-10.4) and 14.8 minutes (IQR, 10.8-19.6), respectively. The operation time of MAG-ESD was shorter than that of CESD, especially the submucosal dissection time ( P < .05). There was a lower incidence of adverse events associated with MAG-ESD ( P < .05) when magnetic anchors were successfully placed and retrieved. Conclusion: MAG-ESD is feasible, effective, safe, and simple for the treatment of large EGCs at different sites and has a high anchor success rate, which could shorten the operation time and reduce the adverse event rate. (c) 2024 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract.