Optimizing Hybrid Heating Systems: Identifying Ideal Stations and Conducting Economic Analysis Heating Houses in Jordan

Optimizing hybrid thermal systems for domestic heating systems is essential to achieve maximum energy efficiency, lower carbon emissions, and decrease overall expenses. This research focuses on utilizing solar energy through evacuated tube solar water systems in conjunction with fuel -based (LPG or diesel) boilers or electric heat pumps for heating residential homes in various climate zones across Jordan. The contributions of each subsystem of thermal energy production were assessed using a one-year dynamic simulation using simulation software TSOL and Meteonorm. A variety of optimization methods are then employed to study and compare several parameters, including station rankings as well as technical and environmental factors. The optimization methods Best -Worst Method BWM yields the highest and lowest weights for the total solar fraction and solar contribution to heating, respectively. After station rankings were conducted using the ARAS, VIKOR, TOPSIS, MOORA, and AHP methodologies, the Maan and Amman stations were identified as most relevant and inappropriate for ETSW use. The annual production of 115.38 GJ utilizing ETSW at the stations under study reduced CO 2 emissions by 12.18 tons. The largest losses, accounting for 60.25% and 33.86% of the total losses, respectively, were identified as thermal and optical losses for Maan station. Thus, this study's findings demonstrate the potential of optimized hybrid thermal systems, integrating solar energy with conventional heating methods, to significantly enhance energy efficiency, reduce carbon emissions, and lower overall expenses in residential heating across diverse climate zones in Jordan.