Pifithrin-μ Induces Stress Granule Formation, Regulates Cell Survival, and Rewires Cellular Signaling

被引:1
作者
Mahboubi, Hicham [1 ]
Yu, Henry [1 ]
Malca, Michael [1 ]
McCusty, David [1 ]
Stochaj, Ursula [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] McGill Univ, Dept Physiol, Montreal, PQ H3G 1Y6, Canada
[2] McGill Univ, Quantitat Life Sci Program, Montreal, PQ H3G 1Y6, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
pifithrin-mu; stress granules; eIF2 alpha phosphorylation; 5 '-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); protein kinase Akt; SMALL-MOLECULE INHIBITOR; OXIDATIVE STRESS; HSP70; PROTEINS; AMPK; DEATH; AKT; PHOSPHORYLATION; MECHANISMS; CLEARANCE;
D O I
10.3390/cells13110885
中图分类号
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要
(1) Background: Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic protein-RNA condensates that assemble in response to various insults. SG production is driven by signaling pathways that are relevant to human disease. Compounds that modulate SG characteristics are therefore of clinical interest. Pifithrin-mu is a candidate anti-tumor agent that inhibits members of the hsp70 chaperone family. While hsp70s are required for granulostasis, the impact of pifithrin-mu on SG formation is unknown. (2) Methods: Using HeLa cells as model system, cell-based assays evaluated the effects of pifithrin-mu on cell viability. Quantitative Western blotting assessed cell signaling events and SG proteins. Confocal microscopy combined with quantitative image analyses examined multiple SG parameters. (3) Results: Pifithrin-mu induced bona fide SGs in the absence of exogenous stress. These SGs were dynamic; their properties were determined by the duration of pifithrin-mu treatment. The phosphorylation of eIF2 alpha was mandatory to generate SGs upon pifithrin-mu exposure. Moreover, the formation of pifithrin-mu SGs was accompanied by profound changes in cell signaling. Pifithrin-mu reduced the activation of 5 '-AMP-activated protein kinase, whereas the pro-survival protein kinase Akt was activated. Long-term pifithrin-mu treatment caused a marked loss of cell viability. (4) Conclusions: Our study identified stress-related changes in cellular homeostasis that are elicited by pifithrin-mu. These insights are important knowledge for the appropriate therapeutic use of pifithrin-mu and related compounds.
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页数:19
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