Research progress in hybrid light-emitting diodes based on quantum dots and organic emitters

In recent years, hybrid light-emitting diodes based on quantum dots and organic emitters (QD-OLEDs) have been extensively researched. QD-OLEDs have promising applications in the fields of lighting and displays due to the advantages, such as high efficiency, stable emission, high brightness, and superior color rendering properties. In this paper, we have summarized the state-of-the-art concepts to achieve high-performance QD-OLEDs. First, we introduce the emission principles of QDs and organic emitters and clarify their advantages in QD-OLEDs. In addition, we summarize the main approaches to realize QD-OLEDs, which combine the use of organic emitting materials with cadmium-containing QDs, InP-based QDs, perovskite QDs, or other sulfide-based QDs. Then, we conclude the typical methods to improve the device performance, including the regulation of the thickness of organic emitting layers, optimization of hole injection layers, selection of anode materials, and manipulation of QDs concentration. Finally, according to the current development status of QD-OLED technology, an outlook is provided regarding its future development trends and potential directions for further optimization.