Stability of couple-stress fluid saturating a porous layer heated and salted from below and rotating about vertical axis

The investigation introduces novel insights by employing both the normal mode technique and the energy technique to analyze the stability of a horizontal layer of rotating couple-stress salted fluid within a porous structure. This approach, which simultaneously accounts for the influences of couple stresses, rotation, and salt presence in the porous medium, represents a significant advancement in understanding complex fluid dynamics in porous materials. Furthermore, the study unveils the alignment of critical Rayleigh number values for the two theories, highlighting a novel aspect of conditional global stability. Additionally, by meticulously examining the behavior of various parameters at the onset of convection under diverse boundary conditions, the research unveils novel findings that provides insights into the interplay between heating, salinity, rotation, and porous structure, offering implications for real-world applications such as oceanic circulation dynamics.