Energy-Aware Clustering in the Internet of Things using Tabu Search and Ant Colony Optimization Algorithms

Internet of Things (IoT) significantly impacts communication systems' efficiency and the requirements for applications in our daily lives. Among the major challenges involved in data transmission over IoT networks is the development of an energy-efficient clustering mechanism. Recent methods are challenged by long transmission delays, imbalanced load distribution, and limited network lifespan. This paper suggests a new cluster-based routing method combining Tabu The TS algorithm overcomes the disadvantage of ACO, in which ants move randomly throughout the colony in search of food sources. In the process of solving optimization problems, the ACO algorithm traps ants, resulting in a considerable increase in the time required for local searches. TS can be used to overcome these drawbacks. In fact, the TS algorithm eliminates the problem of getting stuck in local optima due to the randomness of the search process. Experimental results indicate that the proposed hybrid algorithm outperforms ACO, LEACH, and genetic algorithms regarding energy consumption and network lifetime.