Currently, problems exist in port gathering and transportation modes, such as considering efficiency, neglecting environmental protection, focusing on scale expansion, and neglecting the transportation system coordination. Barriers between modes of transport and lack of communication channels lead to facility layout optimization difficulties. One factor for the construction of a hub port is the support of a collection and distribution network. The advantages of rail-sea intermodal transport are large capacity, high safety, low cost, and low emissions. The development of rail-sea intermodal transport promotes transport structure and facilitates regional export-oriented economic advancements. However, the proportion of port cargo carried by railway in China is low, and the capacity of the railway is insufficient, which restricts port development. By analyzing the freight demand of ports, this paper summarizes transportation mode characteristics. Using the Shanghai system as an example, this paper clarifies the necessity and presents the challenges of sea-rail intermodal transport construction.
