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Differential Stage-Specific Mortality as a Mechanism for Diversification
被引:4
作者:
Chaparro-Pedraza, P. Catalina
[1
,2
,3
]
机构:
[1] Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol EAWAG, Dept Fish Ecol & Evolut, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
[2] EAWAG, Dept Syst Anal Integrated Assessment & Modelling, Dubendorf, Switzerland
[3] Univ Bern, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Bern, Switzerland
关键词:
ecological diversification;
speciation;
life stages;
differential mortality;
competitive ability;
BODY-SIZE;
INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION;
ECOLOGICAL OPPORTUNITY;
ADAPTIVE DYNAMICS;
EVOLUTION;
CANNIBALISM;
PREDATION;
FISH;
POPULATIONS;
MIGRATION;
D O I:
10.1086/730446
中图分类号:
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号:
071012 ;
0713 ;
摘要:
Individual variability in mortality is widespread in nature. The general rule is that larger organisms have a greater chance of survival than smaller conspecifics. There is growing evidence that differential mortality between developmental stages has important consequences for the ecology and evolution of populations and communities. However, we know little about how it can influence diversification. Using an eco-evolutionary model of diversification that considers individual variability in mortality, I show that commonly observed differences in mortality between juveniles and adults can facilitate adaptive diversification. In particular, diversification is expected to be less restricted when mortality is more biased toward juveniles. Additionally, I find stage-specific differences in metabolic cost and foraging capacity to further facilitate diversification when adults are slightly superior competitors, due to either a lower metabolic cost or a higher foraging capacity, than juveniles. This is because by altering the population composition, differential stage-specific mortality and competitive ability can modulate the strength of intraspecific competition, which in turn determines the outcome of diversification. These results demonstrate the strong influence that ecological differences between developmental stages have on diversification and highlight the need for integrating developmental processes into diversification theory.
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页码:E28 / E41
页数:14
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