Engineered living materials: pushing the boundaries of materials sciences through biological engineering

被引:0
作者
Munoz-Guamuro, Geisler [1 ]
Banos, Miguel [1 ]
Becker, Jan [1 ]
Weber, Wilfried [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] INM Leibniz Inst New Mat, Campus D2 2, D-66123 Saarbrucken, Germany
[2] Saarland Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Campus D2 2, D-66123 Saarbrucken, Germany
关键词
adaptive materials; engineered living materials; programmable materials; sustainability; synthetic biology; Anpassungsf & auml; hige Materialien; Nachhaltigkeit; Programmierbare Materialien; Synthetische Biologie; BACTERIA; CONCRETE; DRUG;
D O I
10.1515/auto-2023-0239
中图分类号
TP [自动化技术、计算机技术];
学科分类号
0812 ;
摘要
Biological engineering is enabling disruptive innovations in biopharmaceutical research, in the bio-based and sustainable production of chemicals, in decarbonization, energy production, or bioremediation. Recently, the transfer of technologies from biological engineering and synthetic biology to materials sciences established the concept of engineered living materials (ELMs). ELMs are defined as materials composed of living cells that form or assemble the material itself or modulate the functional performance of the material. ELMs enable the sustainable production of materials as well as the design of novel material properties and functions that have so far been beyond the realm of technical materials. In this contribution, we give an overview of how ELMs can offer innovative and sustainable solutions to overcome current boundaries in materials science. Biologisches Engineering erm & ouml;glicht bahnbrechende Innovationen in der biopharmazeutischen Forschung, bei der biobasierten und nachhaltigen Herstellung von Chemikalien, bei der Dekarbonisierung, der Energieerzeugung oder der Bioremediation. In j & uuml;ngster Zeit wurde durch den Transfer von Technologien aus dem biologischen Engineering und der synthetischen Biologie auf die Materialwissenschaften das Konzept der "engineered living materials" (ELMs) eingef & uuml;hrt. ELMs sind definiert als Materialien, die aus lebenden Zellen bestehen, die das Material selbst bilden oder zusammensetzen, oder die funktionelle Leistung des Materials modulieren. ELMs erm & ouml;glichen die nachhaltige Herstellung von Materialien, sowie die Entwicklung neuartiger Materialeigenschaften und -funktionen, die bisher au ss erhalb des Bereichs der technischen Materialien lagen. In diesem Beitrag geben wir einen & Uuml;berblick dar & uuml;ber, wie ELMs innovative und nachhaltige L & ouml;sungen zur & Uuml;berwindung der derzeitigen Grenzen in der Materialwissenschaft bieten k & ouml;nnen.
引用
收藏
页码:629 / 637
页数:9
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