Tests for consciousness in humans and beyond

被引：30

作者：

Bayne, Tim ^{[1
,2
]}

Seth, Anil K. ^{[2
,3
,4
]}

Massimini, Marcello ^{[2
,5
,20
]}

Shepherd, Joshua ^{[2
,6
,19
]}

Cleeremans, Axel ^{[2
,7
]}

Fleming, Stephen M. ^{[2
,8
]}

Malach, Rafael ^{[2
,9
]}

Mattingley, Jason B. ^{[2
,10
,11
]}

Menon, David K. ^{[2
,12
]}

Owen, Adrian M. ^{[2
,13
]}

Peters, Megan A. K. ^{[2
,14
]}

Razi, Adeel ^{[2
,15
,16
]}

Mudrik, Liad ^{[2
,17
,18
]}

机构：

[1] Monash Univ, Dept Philosophy, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[2] Canadian Inst Adv Res CIFAR, Brain Mind & Consciousness Program, Toronto, ON, Canada

[3] Univ Sussex, Sackler Ctr Consciousness Sci, Brighton, England

[4] Univ Sussex, Sch Engn & Informat, Brighton, England

[5] Univ Milan, Dept Biomed & Clin Sci, Milan, Italy

[6] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Belleterra, Spain

[7] Univ Libre Bruxelles, ULB Inst Neurosci, Ctr Res Cognit & Neurosci, Brussels, Belgium

[8] UCL, Dept Expt Psychol, London, England

[9] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Brain Sci, Rehovot, Israel

[10] Univ Queensland, Queensland Brain Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

[11] Univ Queensland, Sch Psychol, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

[12] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England

[13] Univ Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada

[14] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA

[15] Monash Univ, Turner Inst Brain & Mental Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[16] UCL, Wellcome Ctr Human Neuroimaging, London, England

[17] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Psychol Sci, Tel Aviv, Israel

[18] Tel Aviv Univ, Sagol Sch Neurosci, Tel Aviv, Israel

[19] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain

[20] IRCCS Fdn Don Gnocchi, Milan, Italy

来源：

TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES | 2024年 / 28卷 / 05期

关键词：

DETECTING AWARENESS; MORAL SIGNIFICANCE; EXPERIENCES; PSYCHOLOGY; ORGANOIDS; STATE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.tics.2024.01.010

中图分类号：

B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];

学科分类号：

03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;

摘要：

Which systems/organisms are conscious? New tests for consciousness ('C-tests') are urgently needed. There is persisting uncertainty about when consciousness arises in human development, when it is lost due to neurological disorders and brain injury, and how it is distributed in nonhuman species. This need is amplified by recent and rapid developments in artificial intelligence (AI), neural organoids, and xenobot technology. Although a number of C-tests have been proposed in recent years, most are of limited use, and currently we have no C-tests for many of the populations for which they are most critical. Here, we identify challenges facing any attempt to develop C-tests, propose a multidimensional classification of such tests, and identify strategies that might be used to validate them.

引用

页码：454 / 466

页数：13

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