Uses and perceptions of artificial intelligence tools in higher education in Mexico

With the advent of Artificial Intelligence tools in education, it becomes relevant to generate information that accounts for the ways in which teachers and students understand and implement these technological resources, with the objective of outlining institutional dispositions that allow the establishment of teacher training actions for the utilization of this technology for the improvement of education. This study aimed to understand the perception and uses of AI tools in terms of frequency and types of use, educational expectations surrounding these technologies, as well as the contrasts between teachers' and students' opinions about them. This study was conducted using a quantitative, cross-sectional, inferential -exploratory methodology. An intentional sample of n = 227 teachers and n = 180 students was obtained. Descriptive proportion analyses were conducted on perceptions and uses of AI tools, followed by a variance analysis for independent samples, using mirror items that were answered by teachers and students respectively. Among the main findings, it is observed that at least 20% of teachers and 33% of students already use some kind of AI tool in their academic life. At the level of inferential analyses, significant differences were found between teachers and students<acute accent> perceptions on the use of AI tools for learning, as well as in the ability of teachers to identify when students use these resources for school activities.