Incorporation of self-heating effect into a thermo-mechanical coupled constitutive modelling for elastomeric polyurethane

Elastomeric polyurethane (EPU) is characterised by distinctive mechanical properties, including high toughness, low glass transition temperature, and high impact resistance, that render it indispensable in diverse engineering applications from soft robotics to anti -collision devices. This study presents a thermo-mechanically coupled constitutive model for EPU, systematically incorporating hyperelasticity, viscoelasticity, thermal expansion, and self -heating effect in a thermodynamically consistent manner. Experimental data, obtained from previous studies, are then used for parameter identification and model validation, including iterative updates for temperature parameters considering the self -heating effect. Subsequently, the validated model is integrated into finite element codes, i.e., user subroutine to define a material's mechanical behaviour (UMAT) based on the commercial finite element software ABAQUS, for the computation of three-dimensional stress -strain states, facilitating the analysis of the structural response to various mechanical loads and boundary conditions. The results obtained from simulations are compared with analytical solutions to confirm the precision of Finite Element Method (FEM) implementation. The self -heating effect is further analysed under different strain rates and temperatures. To validate the engineering significance of the FEM implementation, a plate with a hole structure is also simulated. In conclusion, this research provides a robust tool for engineers and researchers working with soft materials, enhancing their understanding and predictive capabilities, notably addressing the self -heating effect in thermo-mechanical behaviours.