Advancements in ZnO-Based Photocatalysts for Water Treatment: A Comprehensive Review

Water contamination remains a pressing global concern, necessitating the development of effective and sustainable water treatment solutions. Zinc oxide (ZnO) has garnered significant attention for its potential applications in photocatalysis due to its unique properties and versatile nature. This review synthesizes recent research findings on the advancement in ZnO-based photocatalysts for water treatment, encompassing synthesis methods, structure modifications for photocatalytic efficiency enhancement, toxicity assessments, and applications in diverse water treatment processes. By critically analyzing the strategies to enhance the photocatalytic performance of ZnO and its role in addressing water pollution challenges, this review provides valuable insights into the evolving landscape of ZnO-based photocatalysts for achieving efficient and environmentally friendly water treatment systems. This review emphasizes the transformative potential of ZnO-based photocatalysts in revolutionizing water treatment methodologies and underscores the importance of continued research and innovation in harnessing ZnO's capabilities for sustainable water purification.