Comprehensive review of lithium-ion battery materials and development challenges

Lithium-ion batteries are one of the most popular energy storage systems today, for their high-power density, low self-discharge rate and absence of memory effects. However, some challenges such as flammability, high cost, degradation, and poor electrochemical performances of different components such as cathode, anode, collectors, electrolyte, and separator, could limit their applications. In this paper, issues in the performance of common lithium-ion batteries are discussed. We also report on recent studies on lithium-ion batteries and point out the fundamental information in materials selection with respect to their properties and techniques. As this field is advancing rapidly and attracting an increasing number of researchers, we aim to provide people that work in this field and newcomers with the most current updates in this constantly changing area.