Bioelectronic Implantable Devices for Physiological Signal Recording and Closed-Loop Neuromodulation

Bioelectronic implantable devices are adept at facilitating continuous monitoring of health and enabling the early detection of diseases, offering insights into the physiological conditions of various bodily organs. Furthermore, these advanced systems have therapeutic capabilities in neuromodulation, demonstrating their efficacy in addressing diverse medical conditions through the precise delivery of stimuli directly to specific targets. This comprehensive review explores developments and applications of bioelectronic devices within the biomedical field. Special emphasis is placed on the evolution of closed-loop systems, which stand out for their dynamic treatment adjustments based on real-time physiological feedback. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and edge computing technologies is discussed, which significantly bolster the diagnostic and therapeutic functions of these devices. By addressing elemental analyses, current challenges, and future directions in implantable devices, the review aims to guide the pathway for advances in bioelectronic devices. This review explores bioelectronic implantable devices, which monitor physiological signals and detect diseases early by interfacing with bodily organs. It highlights their use in neuromodulation for precise therapeutic delivery and discusses closed-loop systems that adapt treatments from real-time feedback. Integration of AI and edge computing enhances their functions, addressing challenges and future directions in bioelectronics. image