Microplastics and nanoplastics in environment: Sampling, characterization and analytical methods

被引:12
作者
Mahapatra, Sarbanee [1 ]
Maity, Jyoti Prakash [1 ]
Singha, Shuvendu [1 ]
Mishra, Tanisha [1 ]
Dey, Gobinda [2 ]
Samal, Alok Chandra [3 ]
Banerjee, Pritam [4 ]
Biswas, Chhanda [1 ]
Chattopadhyay, Sourasis [5 ]
Patra, Rasmi Ranjan [6 ]
Patnaik, Sneha [7 ,8 ]
Bhattacharya, Prosun [9 ]
机构
[1] KIIT Deemed be Univ, Sch Appl Sci, Dept Chem, Environm Sci Lab, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
[2] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Agr Chem, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
[3] Univ Kalyani, Dept Environm Sci, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India
[4] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Univ Ave & Oxford St, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[5] KIIT Deemed be Univ, Res & Dev, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
[6] Odisha Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Applicat, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
[7] KIIT Univ, KIMS Med Coll, Sch Publ Hlth, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
[8] Asia Univ Taiwan, Dept Healthcare Adm, Taichung, Taiwan
[9] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Sustainable Dev Environm Sci & Engn, KTH Int Groundwater Arsen Res Grp, Teknikringen 10B, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
关键词
Microplastic and nanoplastic; Sampling methodology; Identification; Characterization and analysis; Environment; MEDITERRANEAN SEA; IDENTIFICATION; CONTAMINANT; PLASTICS; EXTRACTION; SEDIMENTS; POLLUTION;
D O I
10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101267
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have gained increasing attention in environmental research due to their ubiquitousness and potential impacts on natural environments and human health as per the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG-14 to address global threats where at least 12 SDGs, directly/ indirectly impacts. Present review is undertaken to highlight the process of breakdown of diverse groups of plastic products in soil, surface water, and groundwater under the influence of different factors (UV, light, heat, microbe, etc.), which are mobilized as MPs/NPs to the surface water, groundwater, air, soil, and living organisms by different natural and anthropogenic processes. Review also highlights a comprehensive overview of the methodology for sampling, characterization, and analysis for these minuscule plastic particles (PPs) in various environmental samples, encompassing surface/subsurface water, sediments, soils, and biological organisms. The collection, extraction, and characterization of MPs/NPs, typically employ filtration processes, wherein a known volume of water is passed through a fine mesh to capture MPs/NPs from water samples. Sediment/soil samples require sieving and density separation techniques to isolate PPs from the surrounding matrix. Biological samples require digestion steps to remove organic matter, leaving behind plastics for analysis. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are commonly utilized to determine the polymer composition, size, shape, and surface characteristics of PPs. Quantification involves several approaches, visual counting, image analysis, and spectroscopic techniques. Abundance of MPs/NPs in the respective environmental samples (water, air, soil, etc.) can be determined by comparing the richness (i.e., number/mass) of plastics to the volume or weight of the original sample. Such comprehensive analytical methodologies contribute to understand the scope and magnitude of plastic pollution and its potential repercussions for ecosystems and human well-being, which are essential for developing the effective strategies to mitigate these pressing global environmental challenges for sustainable development.
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页数:17
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