BACKGROUND: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) represents a severe injury to the brain and is associated with a high mortality (40%). Several experimental SAH models are described in the literature requiring specialized equipment and a high degree of surgical expertise. Our goal was to validate a simplified, cost-effective model to permit future studies of SAH. METHODS: SAH was induced by injection of homologous blood into the cisterna magna. Perfusion-fixation then perfusion of gelatinous India ink was performed. Brains and brainstems were collected and imaged for analysis of cerebral vasospasm. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to analyze brain tissue cell death 24 hours following stroke. A composite neuroscore was utilized to assess SAH-related neurologic deficits. RESULTS: Anterior cerebral artery and basilary artery diameters were significantly reduced at 24 hours post SAH induction. Middle cerebral artery diameter was also reduced; however, the results were not significant. TTC staining showed no infarcted tissue. Neuroscores were significantly lower in the SAH mice, indicating the presence of functional deficits. CONCLUSIONS: This simplified model of SAH elicits pathological changes consistent with those described for more complex models in the literature. Therefore, it can be used in future preclinical studies examining the pathophysiology of SAH and novel treatment options.
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Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Intens Care, Rotterdam, NetherlandsUniv Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Intens Care, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Dijkland, Simone A.
Roozenbeek, Bob
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Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Neurol, Rotterdam, NetherlandsUniv Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Intens Care, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Roozenbeek, Bob
Brouwer, Patrick A.
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Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Radiol, Rotterdam, NetherlandsUniv Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Intens Care, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Brouwer, Patrick A.
Lingsma, Hester F.
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Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, NetherlandsUniv Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Intens Care, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Lingsma, Hester F.
Dippel, Diederik W.
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Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Erasmus MC Stroke Ctr, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, NetherlandsUniv Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Intens Care, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Dippel, Diederik W.
Vergouw, Leonie J.
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Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Intens Care, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Neurol, Rotterdam, NetherlandsUniv Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Intens Care, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Vergouw, Leonie J.
Vergouwen, Mervyn D.
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Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, Brain Ctr Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, NetherlandsUniv Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Intens Care, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Vergouwen, Mervyn D.
van der Jagt, Mathieu
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Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Intens Care, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Erasmus MC Stroke Ctr, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, NetherlandsUniv Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Intens Care, Rotterdam, Netherlands