Mechanism and simulation analysis of high electric field of NaNbO 3-based energy storage ceramics based on defect engineering design

Ceramic materials possessing high polarization and substantial breakdown electric fields represent a principal strategy for enhancing the performance of pulse power systems. To augment the energy storage capabilities of ceramic materials, numerous studies have suggested a variety of specific control methods. However, reports on the vacancy defects arising during the regulatory process and the relationship between these vacancy defects and energy storage performance are scarce. This paper introduces an optimal quantity of oxygen vacancy defects into the prepared NN - based ceramics for characterization and analysis, aiming to elucidate the impact of oxygen vacancy defects and their concentration on the structure and energy storage properties of ceramics. Through managing the content of oxygen vacancies, the 0.83NN - 0.17SNS ceramic achieved a high energy storage density ( W rec ) of 6.27 J/cm 3 and an energy storage efficiency ( eta) of 82.79 % at 705 kV/cm. This work presents a novel approach to regulating the energy storage performance, offering a new method for optimizing the performance of lead-free energy storage materials.