Sustainable development and supply chain management in renewable-based community based self-sufficient utility: an analytical review of social and environmental impacts and trade-offs in digital twin

Smart Island Energy Management (SIEM) heralds a new era in sustainable island energy utilization, orchestrating an innovative system that optimizes efficiency and environmental responsibility. By seamlessly integrating solar, wind, and diverse renewable sources alongside energy storage systems, smart meters, and advanced analytics, SIEM ensures optimal energy utilization, significantly trimming costs. Real-time energy consumption data empowers islanders, fostering informed decisions. The system employs the pioneering Teaching Learning -Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm, meticulously balancing migration rates and habitat suitability indices, fortifying SI grid stability. To address load curtailment, digital twin technology orchestrates precise power shifts using storage batteries, minimizing operational expenses. Forecasting renewable energy outputs relies on the sophisticated Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) deep learning model, ensuring accurate predictions. Simulation outcomes underscore the SIEM ' s efficiency, unveiling substantial cost reductions. The pivotal inclusion of a digital twin simulator amplifies realism, outstripping conventional models. Social impact and energy tradeoffs are vigilantly evaluated, guaranteeing uninterrupted energy supply. This groundbreaking approach not only trims costs but also charts a sustainable energy future for island communities, embodying a paradigm shift in energy management. Through SIEM, islands transition toward a greener, economically viable energy landscape, heralding a future where efficiency meets environmental stewardship.